/*
Implementation of the Lilliput-AE tweakable block cipher.

Authors, hereby denoted as "the implementer":
    Kévin Le Gouguec,
    2019.

For more information, feedback or questions, refer to our website:
https://paclido.fr/lilliput-ae

To the extent possible under law, the implementer has waived all copyright
and related or neighboring rights to the source code in this file.
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

---

This file implements Lilliput-AE's nonce-respecting mode based on ΘCB3.
*/

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "cipher.h"
#include "lilliput-ae.h"
#include "lilliput-ae-utils.h"


static const uint8_t _0n[BLOCK_BYTES] = {
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};


static uint8_t _upper_nibble(uint8_t i)
{
    return i >> 4;
}

static uint8_t _lower_nibble(uint8_t i)
{
    return i & 0x0f;
}

static void _init_msg_tweak(const uint8_t N[NONCE_BYTES], uint8_t tweak[TWEAK_BYTES])
{
    /* The t-bit tweak is filled as follows:
     *
     *   1    4    5     |N|+4    |N|+5     t
     * [ prefix ||  nonce      || block index ]
     *
     * The s-bit block index is encoded as follows:
     *
     *   |N|+5    t-s    t-s+1                t
     * [ zero padding || block index, MSB first ]
     *
     * This function sets bits 5 to t-s once and for all.
     */

    tweak[0] = _upper_nibble(N[0]);

    for (size_t i=1; i<NONCE_BYTES; i++)
    {
        tweak[i] = _lower_nibble(N[i-1]) << 4 ^ _upper_nibble(N[i]);
    }

    tweak[NONCE_BYTES] = _lower_nibble(N[NONCE_BYTES-1]) << 4;

    /* The number of bits we need to zero out is:
     *     t - |N| - s - 4        - 4
     *                   (prefix)   (zeroed out by previous assignment)
     */
    memset(&tweak[NONCE_BYTES+1], 0, TWEAK_BYTES-NONCE_BYTES-sizeof(size_t)-1);
}

static void _fill_msg_tweak(
    uint8_t prefix,
    size_t  block_index,
    uint8_t tweak[TWEAK_BYTES]
)
{
    /* The t-bit tweak is filled as follows:
     *
     *   1    4    5     |N|+4    |N|+5     t
     * [ prefix ||  nonce      || block index ]
     *
     * The s-bit block index is encoded as follows:
     *
     *   |N|+5    t-s    t-s+1                t
     * [ zero padding || block index, MSB first ]
     *
     * This function assumes bits 5 to t-s have already been set, and
     * only sets bits 1 to 4 and t-s+1 to t.
     */

    uint8_t *msb = &tweak[0];
    *msb = prefix<<4 ^ _lower_nibble(*msb);

    copy_block_index(block_index, tweak);
}

static void _encrypt_message(
    const uint8_t key[KEY_BYTES],
    size_t        M_len,
    const uint8_t M[M_len],
    const uint8_t N[NONCE_BYTES],
    uint8_t       C[M_len+BLOCK_BYTES],
    uint8_t       Final[BLOCK_BYTES]
)
{
    size_t l = M_len / BLOCK_BYTES;
    size_t rest = M_len % BLOCK_BYTES;

    uint8_t tweak[TWEAK_BYTES];
    _init_msg_tweak(N, tweak);

    uint8_t checksum[BLOCK_BYTES];
    memset(checksum, 0, BLOCK_BYTES);

    for (size_t j=0; j<l; j++)
    {
        xor_into(checksum, &M[j*BLOCK_BYTES]);
        _fill_msg_tweak(0x0, j, tweak);
        encrypt(key, tweak, &M[j*BLOCK_BYTES], &C[j*BLOCK_BYTES]);
    }

    if (rest == 0)
    {
        _fill_msg_tweak(0x1, l, tweak);
        encrypt(key, tweak, checksum, Final);
    }
    else
    {
        uint8_t M_rest[BLOCK_BYTES];
        uint8_t Pad[BLOCK_BYTES];

        pad10(rest, &M[l*BLOCK_BYTES], M_rest);
        xor_into(checksum, M_rest);

        _fill_msg_tweak(0x4, l, tweak);
        encrypt(key, tweak, _0n, Pad);
        xor_arrays(rest, &C[l*BLOCK_BYTES], &M[l*BLOCK_BYTES], Pad);

        _fill_msg_tweak(0x5, l+1, tweak);
        encrypt(key, tweak, checksum, Final);
    }
}

static void _decrypt_message(
    const uint8_t key[KEY_BYTES],
    size_t        C_len,
    const uint8_t C[C_len],
    const uint8_t N[NONCE_BYTES],
    uint8_t       M[C_len],
    uint8_t       Final[BLOCK_BYTES]
)
{
    size_t l = C_len / BLOCK_BYTES;
    size_t rest = C_len % BLOCK_BYTES;

    uint8_t tweak[TWEAK_BYTES];
    _init_msg_tweak(N, tweak);

    uint8_t checksum[BLOCK_BYTES];
    memset(checksum, 0, BLOCK_BYTES);

    for (size_t j=0; j<l; j++)
    {
        _fill_msg_tweak(0x0, j, tweak);
        decrypt(key, tweak, &C[j*BLOCK_BYTES], &M[j*BLOCK_BYTES]);
        xor_into(checksum, &M[j*BLOCK_BYTES]);
    }

    if (rest == 0)
    {
        _fill_msg_tweak(0x1, l, tweak);
        encrypt(key, tweak, checksum, Final);
    }
    else
    {
        uint8_t M_rest[BLOCK_BYTES];
        uint8_t Pad[BLOCK_BYTES];

        _fill_msg_tweak(0x4, l, tweak);
        encrypt(key, tweak, _0n, Pad);
        xor_arrays(rest, &M[l*BLOCK_BYTES], &C[l*BLOCK_BYTES], Pad);

        pad10(rest, &M[l*BLOCK_BYTES], M_rest);
        xor_into(checksum, M_rest);

        _fill_msg_tweak(0x5, l+1, tweak);
        encrypt(key, tweak, checksum, Final);
    }
}

static void _generate_tag(
    const uint8_t Final[BLOCK_BYTES],
    const uint8_t Auth[BLOCK_BYTES],
    uint8_t       tag[TAG_BYTES]
)
{
    xor_arrays(TAG_BYTES, tag, Final, Auth);
}


void lilliput_ae_encrypt(
    size_t        message_len,
    const uint8_t message[message_len],
    size_t        auth_data_len,
    const uint8_t auth_data[auth_data_len],
    const uint8_t key[KEY_BYTES],
    const uint8_t nonce[NONCE_BYTES],
    uint8_t       ciphertext[message_len],
    uint8_t       tag[TAG_BYTES]
)
{
    uint8_t auth[BLOCK_BYTES];
    process_associated_data(key, auth_data_len, auth_data, auth);

    uint8_t final[BLOCK_BYTES];
    _encrypt_message(key, message_len, message, nonce, ciphertext, final);

    _generate_tag(final, auth, tag);
}

bool lilliput_ae_decrypt(
    size_t        ciphertext_len,
    const uint8_t ciphertext[ciphertext_len],
    size_t        auth_data_len,
    const uint8_t auth_data[auth_data_len],
    const uint8_t key[KEY_BYTES],
    const uint8_t nonce[NONCE_BYTES],
    const uint8_t tag[TAG_BYTES],
    uint8_t       message[ciphertext_len]
)
{
    uint8_t auth[BLOCK_BYTES];
    process_associated_data(key, auth_data_len, auth_data, auth);

    uint8_t final[BLOCK_BYTES];
    _decrypt_message(key, ciphertext_len, ciphertext, nonce, message, final);

    uint8_t effective_tag[TAG_BYTES];
    _generate_tag(final, auth, effective_tag);

    return memcmp(tag, effective_tag, TAG_BYTES) == 0;
}